In common parlance, thin film battery can be defined as any battery which is comparatively thinner as compared to other typical batteries. In thin film batteries, instead of liquid based Li-ion batteries, solid-state electrolyte is used. These electrolytes greatly improve the performance of a battery and its ability to function over a wide temperature range makes its appropriate for use for various applications. The various advantages associated with the use of thin film battery in electronics include lower cost potentially, smaller footprint, less weight and higher energy density. Moreover, thin film batteries have a flat shape and thus enabling the developers to have an option of fitting in a battery according to their plans.

Thin film battery market is expected to grow as a result of various factors such as increasing application of thin film battery in smartphones and phablets coupled with its use in sensor networks. Internet of things in this regard has contributed a great deal for the growth of the market. The increasing demand for wearable devices like such as smart watches and health tracker among others has further propelled the demand for thin film batteries. These devices make use of small batteries as it enables the manufacturers to design them within a manageable size. This factor further enables the manufacturers to focus upon the product development. These kind of batteries can also fit in a vest or a shoe and thus enabling the functionality of wearable electronic. Moreover, the ability of thin film batteries to perform better as compared to other kind of batteries makes its adoption even more common. Furthermore, smart computing is another important factor contributing to the growth of the thin film battery as these devices require inexpensive, reliable and smaller batteries that also provide better battery backup. As a result of its reduced size, these batteries provide unique solutions a wide range of power source problems.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices is another area of application where thin film batteries finds immense application as RFID technology is widely used across various businesses to keep a check on the tracking of shipments. Thin film batteries are also finding application in Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) devices and drug patches. In both the mentioned applications, the devices are required to have the power source built in order to it becoming bulkier. These factors in combination are expected to contribute to the growth of the thin film battery market positively during the forecast period from 2016 to 2024.

However, despite the end number of benefits associated with thin film batteries, there are restraints present. One of the noticeable challenges being faced by the thin film batteries includes the shorter operational life as compared to a typical battery. Balancing between the the current rate, the battery capacity and the battery volume is another challenge faced by this battery.

Based on technology, the thin film battery market can be segmented into four categories; Thin-film lithium, Thin-film lithium polymer, Zinc based thin-film, solid state, advanced lithium-ion, laminar fuel cells, stretchable, transparent and others. The application segments of the thin film battery market will include mart cards and RFID, WSNs, smart wearables, electronic textiles, Internet of Things, smart packaging interactive media, toys, medical applications, portable electronics among others.

Geographically, the thin film battery market has been categorized into five regions; North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa and Latin America.

Some of the key players operating in the photovoltaic device market are Solicore, Blue Spark Technologies, ITN Energy Systems, FlexeI, Samsung SDI, BrightVolt. Front Edge Technology, Imprint Energy, Rocket Electric, Prelonic, Jenax, Cymbet, STMicroelectronics and NEC among others.

1, Corrosion-resistant. Polyethylene is an inert material, except for a few strong oxidant, can withstand a variety of chemical media erosion.2, Without leak. Polyethylene welded steel pipe mainly welded connection (hot melt connection or fused connection), ensure that the interface material, structure and management body’s own identity in essence, to achieve the integration of joint and pipe. Test confirmed that the tensile strength and burst strength of the interface was higher than the pipe body, can effectively resist the tensile stress in the pressure generated hoop stress and axial direction.3, High toughness. Polyethylene coating steel pipe is a high toughness of the pipe, which is generally more than elongation at break of 500%, based on the pipe’s ability to adapt to uneven settlement is very strong. It is an excellent seismic performance of the pipeline.4, With excellent flexibility. Polyethylene flexible polyethylene tube can be coiled, and a longer length of the supply does not need all kinds of connecting pipe opponent, and it is easy to process in accordance with the requirements of the construction changes, but also changes in the pre-construction pipe shape, old tube inserted to restore the original size and dimensions.5, With a good ability to resist scratches. Studies have shown, PE80 grade polyethylene pipe has better resistance to SCG ability and scratch-resistant capability. PE100 polyethylene pipe materials are having a better ability to resist scratches.6, Good resistance to rapid crack pass. Polyethylene has excellent ability to transfer resistance to rapid crack. For the lower the temperature, the greater the diameter and wall thickness, the higher working pressure, rapid crack the plastic pipe the greater the risk characteristics. The polyethylene pipe, especially PE100 pipe more suitable for big diameter mild steel pipe. Currently, the standard polyethylene gas pipe foreign (IS04437-1997 and EN1555) has resistance to rapid crack growth (RCP) being included in the standard.7, Long service life. ≤60  under the conditions can be used for more than 50 years.

While purchasing a car, it’s easy to get caught up in various rules and lose track of the important details. There are a hundred million questions that can drive you around and still bring no clarity. The major concern of car buyers relate to rules which are specific for every different city. Washington D.C., nicknamed DC, has an estimated population of over 6.7 million, amongst which many people do not belong to the native area. It makes it difficult for them to remember every rule. Therefore, knowing which questions to ask your dealer will reduce the complexity of purchasing your next car in DC.

Asking the following simple questions will help you to make your car purchasing process simple in DC:

1. Can I see the Title Certification?

Asking for a title certificate is the most essential question to ask to your dealer. A title certification is a proof of ownership and you should only proceed when the dealer shows it to you. In order to transfer the title in your name, you will require a DC identity proof or driver’s license along with an accurate odometer reading of the car. The Washington D.C. Department of Motor Vehicles will charge you $26 for the title transfer. Once you have transferred the title in your name, make sure that you register it at your local DMV office.

2. Did the Car suffer any Damages?

It becomes difficult to ascertain the condition of the car without reviewing any vehicle history report. A vehicle history report will help you to identify if the car requires any repair. It will also tell you about the car damages. You have to look up the Vehicle Identification Number of the car and carry out a history check. The report will include information relating to accidents and flood damages.

Many a times, a seller projects inaccurate odometer readings. It can lead you to make an uninformed decision. Therefore, it is a wise move to review the vehicle history report in order to avoid any future expenses.

3. Is the car protected by the Lemon Law?

If a new car breaks down after numerous repairs during the first 2 years of purchase or within travelling the first 18,000 miles, it is known as a ‘lemon’. According to the rules of DC, if the car is not working properly even after four attempts or is in repairs for more than 30 days, the car is branded as a lemon. The lemon law warranties the car buyer to either obtain a replacement of the car or retrieve the refund of the amount spent on the car. Thus, the presence of the lemon law can largely impact your decision to buy the car you have selected.

Purchasing a car from a dealer can be a complex task. Remembering the different rules pertaining to DC can make it more difficult. However, asking simple questions will clear out the fog and help you in making the car purchase simple in DC.